Among compensation claims, confirmed OA diagnoses most have a causative sensitizing agent identified (143). Clinical importance of alternaria exposure in children. have proposed the term “Problematic severe asthma” (PSA) for children who require specialist referral because of the apparent poor response to maximum asthma treatment (48, 49). This study provided additional scientific information confirming that the benefits of aluminum-containing vaccines administered during the first year of life outweigh any theoretical concerns about the potential effect of aluminum on infants. Ellwood P, Asher MI, Beasley R, Clayton TO, Stewart AW, Committee IS. While there is stronger evidence on the role of environmental factors as triggers than causes, there is increasing evidence for interactions among and between environmental and other intrinsic factors, such as genetics and atopy, to potentially cause asthma. doi: 10.1093/ije/25.3.609. (2016) 137:379–87. Belgrave DC, Custovic A, Simpson A. Characterizing wheeze phenotypes to identify endotypes of childhood asthma, and the implications for future management. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.158.10.996, 55. 15 How common was it that parents saw their children die? J Adolesc Health. (1991) 324:359–63. Aust N Z J Public Health. Exposure to Alternaria alternata in US homes is associated with asthma symptoms. Psychological factors in asthma control and attack risk. It's often difficult to tell if the vaccine actually caused the milder complications, as the nocebo effect can be powerful with injections. The damage done to the lives of innocent human beings, especially the poorest and hardest stricken, by this anti-scientific movement is both remarkable and heartbreaking. (2014) 87:339–63. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1513737, 164. Childhood predictors of lung function trajectories and future COPD risk: a prospective cohort study from the first to the sixth decade of life. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra054308, 5. Of note, this figure can vary widely (from 4 to 58%) (144) and is largely derived from populations in high income countries (144–146). These findings suggest that tobacco smoking may cause heritable modifications of the epigenome, which increase the risk of asthma in future generations (128). Environ Int. Childhood wheeze phenotypes show less than expected growth in FEV1 across adolescence. Further fatalities caused by anaphylactic reactions to food, 2001–2006. Eur Resp J. It has been shown that both early and late onset adult current asthma were associated with a reduction in lung function and an increased risk of fixed airflow obstruction at 45 years, with the effect of early onset asthma being greater than late onset asthma (165–167). However, despite interventions and treatments aimed at addressing modifiable factors and comorbidities, some children with DA and Asthma plus may not improve [e.g., because of the continued poor adherence with medications (50, 68), or ongoing high exposure to allergens (69–71)], in which case they should be considered as having refractory DA or refractory Asthma plus (46, 72). Eur Resp J. Innate immune responses to mycobacteria and the downregulation of atopic responses. Lazic N, Roberts G, Custovic A, Belgrave D, Bishop CM, Winn J, et al. These findings suggest that it may be worth exploring this notion of early exposure to allergens leading to development of tolerance, which in turn may reduce the risk of developing asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. Additionally, the CDC has been accused by anti-vaxxers, including Wakefield, of covering evidence for years on a study in 2004 that otherwise shows no evidence between vaccination and autism. Study of modifiable risk factors for asthma exacerbations: virus infection and allergen exposure increase the risk of asthma hospital admissions in children. Anti-vaccination blogs and organizations, of course, have cried foul on this conclusion. Although not well-understood, asthma-related chronic airway inflammation with damaged airway mucosa and immunomodulating treatments such as inhaled corticosteroids have been implicated, and lower antibody levels in response to the Pneumococcal vaccine have also been observed (174). Breastfeeding and asthma and allergies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. [106] (2017) 196:430–7. The particular studies have looked at actual populations in real life conditions, exposed to the actual substance in question; none have shown any connection between autism and the thimerosal preservative or the MMR vaccine. Why Are Drugs More Profitable Than Vaccines? The paper was partially retracted several years later but continued to be the most often cited case study for the link, despite mounting evidence (including one large study into the rates of autism in adults who wouldn't have received MMR) to the contrary. Parent's adjustment appeared to be a dynamic process because of on‐going changes in their child's condition and stage of development, balanced with varying family needs. Peat JK, Woolcock AJ, Cullen K. Rate of decline of lung function in subjects with asthma. A major outbreak of asthma associated with a thunderstorm: experience of accident and emergency departments and patients' characteristics. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. New insights about associations of PM1 and respiratory health in children and adolescents. "[186] On the other hand, the CDC defines vaccinosis as "0 results returned for vaccinosis. Yes, Big Pharma is making money from immunizations. Helby J, Nordestgaard BG, Benfield T, Bojesen SE. Over time, small amounts of aluminum from food, drink, and other sources accumulates in the body, but this is not believed to pose a significant health risk. 191 million. Thorax. ICON: food allergy. (1989) 299:2. doi: 10.1136/bmj.299.6710.1259, 13. We have summarized the evidence on asthma trends, environmental determinants, and long-term impacts while comparing these epidemiological features across childhood asthma and adult asthma. (2014) 134:247–57. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.07.019, 42. Licensed Vaccines, Statement from the Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety on aluminium-containing vaccines, Are vaccines safe? A 50-year cohort study. Interaction between asthma and smoking increases the risk of adult airway obstruction. Application of a natural language processing algorithm to asthma ascertainment. After asthma: redefining airways diseases. One nurse tells the story of what it's like to watch patients get sicker when they can't afford a pricey treatment. • Work-related asthma from occupational sensitizers (asthmagens) and/or irritants is common and is an important consideration for individuals who present with asthma symptoms during their productive working years. Furthermore, it is important to consider the age of the participants. Smoking also seems to interact with sex. Weiland SK, Bjorksten B, Brunekreef B, Cookson WO, von Mutius E, Strachan DP, et al. Asthma phenotypes identified by latent class analysis in the ISAAC phase II Spain study. * 17 February 2021 (Urgent: USPS governing board) US citizens: call on Biden to fill the USPS governing board so they can fire DeJoy. Here's What to Know, France to make vaccination mandatory from 2018 as it is 'unacceptable children are still dying of measles': Move follows similar initiative in Italy, where non-vaccinated children cannot attend state schools. Differentiation of adult severe asthma from difficult-to-treat asthma - Outcomes of a systematic assessment protocol. Calam R, Gregg L, Simpson A, Simpson B, Woodcock A, Custovic A. [244] Minnesota's worst measles outbreak in decades has emboldened rather than cowed the anti-vax movement, and they have recruited associates of Andrew Wakefield to the state. However, when “severe asthma” was defined using ERS/ATS (35) or WHO (41) criteria, only a small number of children were classified as having severe asthma, suggesting that we need to look beyond the amount of medication and disease control when defining severe disease (46). Burr ML, Matthews IP, Arthur RA, Watson HL, Gregory CJ, Dunstan FD, et al. Obesity, diabetes, ADHD? doi: 10.1136/thorax.57.3.190, 60. Bill Maher: Still an antivaccine crank after all these years, Jenny McCarthy: anti-vaxxer, public menace, A major funder of the anti-vaccine movement has made millions selling natural health products, McKinney on vaccines, among other batshittery, Holly Robinson Peete on Autism: 'Fearmongering Will Not Make Parents Vaccinate', Aidan Quinn: Elementary star says you have to learn to live with life's jokes, Rob Schneider Links Autism To Vaccines, Rails Against Big Government (VIDEO). Klemets P, Lyytikainen O, Ruutu P, Ollgren J, Kaijalainen T, Leinonen M, et al. Lancet. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00154409, 18. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.06.046, 105. Explaining that there is a lack of evidence showing that vaccination causes autism, Explaining the dangers of diseases prevented by vaccination, Showing images of children with illnesses that could have been prevented by vaccination, Explaining that diseases could kill but are preventable from vaccination, For yet another celebrity "expert" on the subject, see. (1986) 3:260–2. Polio is a good example. doi: 10.1016/S0091-6749(03)00008-3, 62. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. [73], The rates of complications from vaccines are so low that the benefit of vaccines for each child is higher than the risk of a poor outcome, so it is not true that the few children with adverse events are being sacrificed for others' health. Eur J Resp Dis. Another incredibly side effect, not of vaccinations but to the opposition to them, is that when herd immunity breaks, once more or less eradicated diseases (at least in regions where vaccines were prevalent) have now been able to make a comeback. (2) Vaccines considerably reduce the likelihood that the vaccinee will contract the disease being vaccinated for. Most of the aluminum contained in the body (95%) has food for origin. Asthma phenotypes and lung function up to 16 years of age-the BAMSE cohort. Leading pharmaceutical products by sales worldwide in 2019 (in billion U.S. dollars). Fairs A, Agbetile J, Hargadon B, Bourne M, Monteiro WR, Brightling CE, et al. Australia. doi: 10.1136/bmj.j5636, 108. Winterstein has promoted vitamin A to treat measles, but this is known to be ineffective as a treatment. A diminishingly small amount may be retained. Belgrave DC, Buchan I, Bishop C, Lowe L, Simpson A, Custovic A. Estimates of the global burden of ambient [Formula: see text], Ozone, and [Formula: see text] on asthma incidence and emergency room visits. Parents' claims for religious exemption usually depended on irrational fears rather than on specific religious tenets.[11][12]. (2017) 390:935–45. Int J Tubercul Lung Dis. Which has been cited 443 times by other sources... "Vaccination Exemptions", The College of Physicians of Philadelphia, undated, accessed February 8, 2013; "Exemptions from providing medical care for sick children", Children's Healthcare is a Legal Duty. (2006) 43:727–30. [167], Concern has been raised about a connection between MS and vaccines, especially the Hepatitis B vaccine. A small group of people has tried to tie Shaken Baby Syndrome to childhood vaccinations. One of the several studies on the topic showed a potential link,[172] but there were methodological problems,[173] and most other studies failed to show a link. Since the initial COVID-19 outbreak in China, much attention has focused on people with diabetes because of poor prognosis in those with the infection. For children, asthma may impair airway development and reduce maximally attained lung function, and these lung function deficits may persist into adulthood without additional progressive loss. Association between air pollution and lung function growth in southern California children: results from a second cohort. “Thunderstorm asthma” (106, 107) is the outcome of a complex interaction between multiple factors but not necessarily any one of them individually. "[185] In contrast, the WHO defines vaccinosis as: "No results for vaccinosis. [4] For antivaxers, it is, first and foremost, always about the vaccines. (2018) 17:35. doi: 10.1186/s12940-018-0378-x, 133. Research into SIDS is progressing and has left behind the fictional link to vaccines. Impact of rhinitis on asthma severity in school-age children. Responding to these specific antigens uses only a tiny proportion of an infant's immune system's capacity. These include large multinational studies in children [such as the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC; http://isaac.auckland.ac.nz/) (6–8)] and in adults [such as the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS; http://www.ecrhs.org/) (9)]. "[187], Under-vaccination and delayed vaccination of children is a much more common problem than entirely unvaccinated children. Edwards MR, Regamey N, Vareille M, Kieninger E, Gupta A, Shoemark A, et al. Thames Regions Accident and Emergency Trainees Association. J Allergy Clin Immunol. The anti-vaccination movement is a loosely-organized conspiracy-theorist subculture that blames the medical practice of vaccination for a wide range of health problems and whose advocates have, ironically, been directly responsible for the return of health disasters by reinvigorating diseases that had almost been eradicated by said vaccines. J Allergy Clin Immunol. J Asthma Allergy. [240] The ending of the personal/religious belief exemptions has resulted in overall higher immunization rates (the exemption rate dropped from 2.54% to 1.06% from 2015 to 2016). They have been used in vaccines safely for more than 70 years. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). [207], In fact, many pharmaceutical companies are gradually abandoning vaccines.[208]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. Bush A, Fleming L, Saglani S. Severe asthma in children. David Heath trained in medicine in Liverpool England, and in psychiatry at Queens University Ontario and the Tavistock Clinic in London. (2016) 2016:3690628. doi: 10.1155/2016/3690628, 180. Consideration should be given to referring the child or adolescent to a paediatric respiratory specialist. Blanc PD, Toren K. How much adult asthma can be attributed to occupational factors? Even still, anti-vaxxers may argue how ingestion is different from injection,[104] which is an entirely valid statement but completely baseless in their context. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.09.056, 31. I remember it spread through my family. Rook GA, Martinelli R, Brunet LR. In: Walls RS, Jenkins CR, editors. (1987) 70:171–9. Once other potential causes of asthma-like symptoms are excluded and asthma diagnosis is confirmed, children with PSA can be broadly divided into three distinct (but occasionally overlapping) groups: Difficult-to-treat (or difficult) asthma (DA); Asthma with co-morbidities (“Asthma plus”); and Severe therapy-resistant asthma (STRA) (49). Exp Rev Respir Med. This longitudinal study of participants who were followed between childhood and middle-age showed that breast feeding reduced the risk of childhood asthma and conversely increased the risk of adult asthma, but for only those with a familial predisposition (150). Lodge CJ, Tan DJ, Lau MX, Dai X, Tham R, Lowe AJ, et al. (2014) 31:675–8. Another major impact of asthma is through its associated additional morbidities, including a predisposition to serious infections such as bacterial pneumonia from a higher nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae (174). Distinguishing benign from pathologic TH2 immunity in atopic children. Asthma caused by occupational exposures is common - a systematic analysis of estimates of the population-attributable fraction. These stimulate a more heightened immune response against the antigen in the vaccine, making it work better. Perret JL, Bonevski B, McDonald CF, Abramson MJ. Burgess JA, Walters EH, Byrnes GB, Wharton C, Jenkins MA, Abramson MJ, et al. Association between thimerosal-containing vaccine and autism. It is possible that the differences observed in cross-sectional studies carried out contemporaneously in children and adults can in part be explained by a cohort effect. Because the number and frequency of childhood vaccines have increased over the years[note 5] and because many parents have never seen the horrible effects of most of these different childhood diseases,[note 6] an increasing number of parents have become vaccination-shy on behalf of their children. [163], A small study by Andrew Wakefield, published in The Lancet in 1998, became infamous around 2000-2002 when the UK media caught hold of it. Pediatrics. Despite the ruling only applying to his ethical conduct in the research, which had been questioned for several years (a "conflict of interest" was raised in 2004, three years after he left the Royal Free Hospital under controversial circumstances), the UK media have taken the ruling to also mean "his work has been discredited. (2014) 134:917–23. China. (2013) 121:1357–64. Puranik S, Forno E, Bush A, Celedon JC. • Asthma is a heterogeneous disease and distinct asthma phenotypes and endotypes need to be adequately characterized. [179][180] This is basically stating that SIDS has a strong genetic component and is more prevalent in families with issues with serotonin re-uptake, thus preventing the infant from shifting when their airway becomes blocked while asleep. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2014.06.022, 76. Chest. For example, it is claimed that specific vaccines such as MMR (mumps, measles, and rubella) or specific ingredients like thiomersal are causative factors leading to disease. Inoculation was reportedly not widely practiced in China until the Longqing Emperor's reign (1567–1572 CE). The time-to-diagnosis of sensitizer-induced OA varies but is usually made between 2 and 4 years following the onset of work-related symptoms, and this timeframe is substantially shorter for the diagnosis of WEA as these individuals are usually medically managed for pre-existing asthma (142). Bipolar disorder is a condition that causes extreme changes in mood. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. This page was last modified on 13 February 2021, at 22:22. Doctor Reveals Secrets Behind Vaccine-Autism Cover-up Government scrambles to hide new film featuring CDC whistleblower, 10 outrageous (but true) facts about vaccines the CDC and the vaccine industry don't want you to know. While this is also propagated by the media, there is a critical element of human behavior at play here. These include poor adherence with medication (51), ongoing exposure to adverse environmental factors such as allergens (52–54), tobacco smoke (55), and air pollution (56–58), and psychosocial factors (59–61). Several very well-done population-based studies have been conducted into the link between autism and vaccinations, although they aren't very widely reported. (2005) 171:109–14. (2018) 10:12–7. doi: 10.1164/rccm.167.5.787, 145. For example, certain conservatives oppose the use of Gardasil on young girls for fear that it will discourage them from sexual abstinence by eliminating an STD,[209][210] thereby depriving the right of one of its favorite pro-abstinence scare tactics. In recent times, there has been much debate in the press and in doctors' offices regarding the possible side-effects of vaccines and whether these outweigh the risks of leaving a population without vaccinations. Nonetheless, there is legal recognition of the potential for adverse effects from vaccines in the United States, which are handled by the Office of Special Masters of the U.S. Court of Federal Claims ("vaccine court"). Most of our students are from countries such as the US, the UK, Australia, Canada, Italy, New Zealand, Japan, and China. The death of a child has always been the most tragic calamity mothers and fathers could experience. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. A study from 2011 modeled the impact of aluminum from diet and vaccines in infants and concluded that the total amount of aluminum absorbed from both sources was likely to be less than the weekly safe intake level. These changes were greater for individuals with moderate asthma compared with mild disease at baseline. These children exhibited numerous features associated with severe asthma including diminished lung function, high FeNO and hyperreactive airways (44), with a significant loss of lung function between preschool and mid-school age (45).
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